History of Civil Engineering
Engineering has been an aspect of life since the beginning of human existence. The earliest practices of civil engineering could have started between 4000 and 2000 BC. C. in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia when humans began to abandon the nomadic existence, creating the need for a shelter. During this time the transport began to increase its importance, which led to the development of the wheel and navigation.
Until the Contemporary Age there is no clear distinction between civil engineering and architecture, and the term engineer and architect underwent variations referring to the same person, even interchanging.The construction of the Pyramids of Egypt between 2700 and 2500 a. C. could be considered the first samples of large constructions. Other historic buildings include Qanat's water management system the Parthenon by Ictino in Ancient Greece (447-438 BC), the Apia route by Roman engineers or the Great Wall of China in 220 BC. C, or irrigation works in Anuradhapura. Of all the ancient civilizations perhaps the most developed in civil engineering were the Romans who were pioneers in the construction of a network of roadways, aqueducts, ports, bridges, dams and sewage.
Leonhard Euler developed the beam bending theory.
In the eighteenth century the term civil engineering was coined to incorporate all engineering for civilian uses in opposition to military engineering (artillery, ballistics, defense construction ...). In 1747 the oldest civil engineering school in the world was created, the École nationale des ponts et chaussées in Paris, which still stands today. The first self-proclaimed civil engineer was John Smeaton who built the Eddystone Lighthouse.46 In 1771 Smeaton and a few colleagues formed the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, a group of professionals who met daily to discuss their profession. Through these meetings the professional societies we know today were formed.
In Spain it was considered necessary to create a specific body of engineers to take charge of public works, that is why the Official School of the Corps of Civil Engineers headed by Agustín de Betancourt was founded in 1802. At that time Mexico had already established The first research institute specializing in civil engineering and in 1857 the teachings of civil engineer in the Academy of San Carlos are instituted based on the European curricula.
Until the Contemporary Age there is no clear distinction between civil engineering and architecture, and the term engineer and architect underwent variations referring to the same person, even interchanging.The construction of the Pyramids of Egypt between 2700 and 2500 a. C. could be considered the first samples of large constructions. Other historic buildings include Qanat's water management system the Parthenon by Ictino in Ancient Greece (447-438 BC), the Apia route by Roman engineers or the Great Wall of China in 220 BC. C, or irrigation works in Anuradhapura. Of all the ancient civilizations perhaps the most developed in civil engineering were the Romans who were pioneers in the construction of a network of roadways, aqueducts, ports, bridges, dams and sewage.
Leonhard Euler developed the beam bending theory.
In the eighteenth century the term civil engineering was coined to incorporate all engineering for civilian uses in opposition to military engineering (artillery, ballistics, defense construction ...). In 1747 the oldest civil engineering school in the world was created, the École nationale des ponts et chaussées in Paris, which still stands today. The first self-proclaimed civil engineer was John Smeaton who built the Eddystone Lighthouse.46 In 1771 Smeaton and a few colleagues formed the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, a group of professionals who met daily to discuss their profession. Through these meetings the professional societies we know today were formed.
In Spain it was considered necessary to create a specific body of engineers to take charge of public works, that is why the Official School of the Corps of Civil Engineers headed by Agustín de Betancourt was founded in 1802. At that time Mexico had already established The first research institute specializing in civil engineering and in 1857 the teachings of civil engineer in the Academy of San Carlos are instituted based on the European curricula.
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